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Safe passing

To keep everyone safe, there are minimum distances and speeds for overtaking. This page shows how to safely pass bikes, pedestrians, and horses.

Bikes

When travelling up to 30mph, leave at least 1.5 metres (5 feet). If you’re going faster, give more space.

A graphic to show the safe passing distance of 2m between a car and a pedestrian

Pedestrians

Leave at least 2 metres (6.5 feet) of space. Slow down when passing a pedestrian in the road, especially where there’s no pavement.

A graphic to show the safe passing distance of 2m between a car and a horse

Horses

Pass wide and slow. Leave at least 2 metres (6.5 feet) and keep your speed at 10mph or below. Horses are large animals and can be easily spooked, so reduce noise and speed.

Top tips for safe passing

Be patient. Wait for enough space and slow down if needed. Don’t squeeze past; it risks lives.
Avoid using your horn, revving your engine, or driving too close.
Maintain a steady pace while overtaking. Don’t accelerate until you’ve fully passed.
Don’t overtake near junctions, pedestrian crossings, roundabouts, or tight spots (like keep-left bollards, pedestrian refuges or traffic calming features). Never overtake just before a left turn that you plan to make.

Hierarchy of road users

The Highway Code outlines a ‘hierarchy of road users’. It states that those in charge of vehicles that can cause the most harm have the greatest responsibility to reduce danger for others. Those most at risk in a collision are at the top of the hierarchy. This hierarchy encourages everyone to behave responsibly.

The Hierarchy is: